The goal of the proposed research is to evaluate clinical outcomes after ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of thyroid nodules here in the United States. As an early adopter of RFA for thyroid nodules in the United States, I have successfully launched dedicated thermal ablation here in the United States and have one of the largest clinical patient series for thyroid RFA in the country. We are also the first institution to offer microwave ablation of thyroid nodules. I also personally trained most of the surgeons offering thermal ablation in the United States and oversaw the first thyroid RFA procedures in Wisconsin, Ohio and Canada. My unique expertise in thermal ablation, as well as my extensive experience in endocrine surgery and biostatistics, make me well suited to conduct these clinical studies that are needed to help drive the adoption of this technique in the United States. As director of the Endocrine Surgery Research Program at Columbia University, I have conducted and guided research that has focused on the use of predictive analytical algorithms to optimize clinical outcomes in our management and treatment of surgical endocrine disorders.